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Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development
Year : 2018, Volume : 9, Issue : 12
First page : ( 180) Last page : ( 183)
Print ISSN : 0976-0245. Online ISSN : 0976-5506.
Article DOI : 10.5958/0976-5506.2018.01829.6

In vitro evaluation of the cytotoxicity of chlorhexidine digluconate, povidone iodine and phenolic compound mouth washes on chinese hamster v79 cell lines

Shetty Mranali K1, Thomas Bijju2, Shetty Karthik3,*, Shetty Veena4, Roma M5

1Reader, Dept. of Periodontology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India

2H.O. D Dept. of Periodontology, A.B shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore

3Additional Professor Dept. of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India

4Professor Dept. of Microbiology, K S Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore

5Assistant Professor Dept. of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India

*Corresponding Author Dr Karthik Shetty, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India-576104, karthik.shetty@manipal.edu Phone No.: +91-824-2423452/2428716(Ext: 5665) Fax: +91-824-2423452

Online published on 9 January, 2019.

Abstract

Aim

To assess and compare the cytotoxic potential of Chlorhexidine, Listerine and Povidone-Iodine antimicrobial agents on Chinese hamster lung fibroblast V79 cells.

Materials and Method

Chlorhexidine (0.2%), Listerine, Povidone iodine were diluted with DMEM medium under sterile conditions to obtain the required concentration. V79 cells were used for the experimental procedures. The cells were cultured in DMEM media supplemented with 10% FBS and 1% Gentamycin at 37°C in a humidified 5% CO2 incubator. For all the assays, cells were maintained at 80–90% confluency in T-25 cm2 flasks and used as per requirement. V79 cells were seeded onto 96 well plates at a density of 104 cells per well and allowed to incubate overnight at 37°C in 5% CO2incubator. The following day the cells were treated with different concentrations of Betadine, Hexidine and Listerine for 12, 24 and 48 hours. Following the treatments, the drug containing media was discarded and 100μl of freshly prepared MTT stock prepared in DMEM media was added in to each well and the plates were incubated at 37°C in 5% CO2 incubator for 4 hours. Viability was determined by the ability of the cells to reduce MTT, a water soluble tetrazolium dye to produce violet crystals of formazan. Formazan crystals formed were solubilized by the addition of 100μl of (Di Methyl Sulfoxide). Optical density which is directly proportional to cell viability, was measured at 540nm using a multi well spectrophotometer. Viability curves were plotted using origin.

Percentage cell viability was obtained using the formula given below:

Percentage viability= [(OD Test-OD Blank)/(OD Control-OD Blank)] *100

Results

V79 cells treated with serially diluted test compounds showed a decrease in cellular viability in a concentration as well as time dependent manner. Hexidine exhibited maximum toxic effect when compared to Listerine and Betadine; betadine possessing the least toxic nature as obvious by the IC50 values for different time durations.

Conclusion

Chlorhexidine was found to be most toxic when compared to Listerine and Povidone iodine. Povidone iodine being the least toxic amongst the three mouth rinse. All the compounds exhibited toxic effect in a dose dependent as well as time dependent manner. The result of this study showed that all three given mouth rinses caused V79 proliferation inhibition.

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