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Guidelines to Authors

The Indian Journal of Veterinary Pathology is a biannual peer-reviewed journal officially published by the Indian Association of Veterinary Pathologists (IAVP). The Journal publishes peer-reviewed original research papers, short communications, case reports, and reviews. The Journal also provide rapid publication in other formats, including editorials, review articles and other features on current topics, both contributed and solicited. We accept manuscripts covering studies related to pathology including morbid anatomy, surgical pathology, clinical pathology, immunopathology, molecular pathology, diagnostic cytopathology and haematology that advance basic and translational knowledge of the pathogenesis, classification, diagnosis, and mechanisms of animal and avian diseases.

Manuscript Categories. Original articles should not exceed 30 double-spaced typewritten pages, including tables, figures and references. Space limitations preclude the publication of excessive figures. References should be limited to 35. Manuscripts submitted as original articles that exceed these limits will be returned without review.

Short communications are intended to provide a forum for the rapid publication of timely and significant findings in brief. Manuscripts should be concise but definitive, and must not exceed 12 double-spaced typed pages and a maximum of four figures.

Case reports must provide new, interesting information or should be very rare and under reported cases. Significant observations based on new or developing technology will receive special consideration. Imaginative applications of established methods are also encouraged. Manuscripts must not exceed 8 double-spaced typewritten pages, including tables, figures and references. The number of references should be 10 or less, and the number of figures should be 3 or less.

Thesis abstracts of the theses submitted to various universities of the country for award of M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in veterinary pathology discipline are regularly published in the journal in an effort to disseminate the research work undertaken by students in different parts of the country. Succinct summary of the thesis up to 400 words for M.V.Sc. and 800 words for Ph.D. work should be sent to the Chief Editor, incorporating clearly the title of the thesis, names of the student and guide/advisor, year of degree award and the name and address of the university.

Manuscripts submitted not conforming to above requirements will be returned without review.

Conditions of Acceptance: The Editor accepts papers on the understanding that they are being submitted to one journal at a time and have not been published, simultaneously submitted or already accepted for publication elsewhere, and, if accepted, will not be reprinted in whole or in part without the Editor’s written approval. The Editor reserves the right to reject, on scientific, ethical or other grounds, any manuscript submitted to it. Each person named in the list of authors of a paper must have made a substantial scientific or critical contribution to the work described, and have read and approved the version submitted to the Journal.

Animal Experimentation: Circumstances relating to animal experimentation must meet the International Guiding Principles for Biomedical Research Involving Animals as issued by the Council for the International Organizations of Medical Sciences as well as Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision on Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA) Guidelines for Laboratory Animal Facility obtainable from CPCSEA, No.13/1, 3rd Seaward Road, Valmiki Nagar, Thiruvanmiyur, Chennai – 600 041, Tamil Nadu, India or at URL: envfor.nic.in/divisions/awd/cpcsea_laboratory.pdf Unnecessary suffering to animals in experimentation is not acceptable to the Editors of the Indian Journal of Veterinary Pathology.

Review Process: All manuscripts received are duly acknowledged. The Editors review all submitted manuscripts initially. Manuscripts with insufficient originality, serious scientific and technical flaws or lack of a significant message are rejected. Priority is determined by the Editors’ assessment of the manuscript relative to other papers being considered. A manuscript may be returned to the authors without peer review if Editors find it inappropriate for publication in this Journal. For manuscripts accepted for external review, the Chief Editor assigns manuscripts to the Editor and, in consultation, will solicit reviewers. The reviewers are selected based on their expertise and experience in the specific field which is determined through calling/inviting application from them in the Reviewer’s Form. The Journal prefers to conduct a blinded peer-review process, which is kept completely confidential. It is considered a violation of this confidentiality if authors identify or attempt to communicate directly with peer reviewers regarding their manuscripts. Each manuscript is also assigned to a member of the editorial team, who based on the comments from the reviewers takes a final decision on the manuscript. The reviewer comments and Editor’s recommendation are evaluated by the Chief Editor for disposition and transmittal to the authors. The contributors will be informed about the reviewers’ comments and acceptance/ rejection of manuscript. Every effort is made to complete the review process within 60 days of the date received. A number of worthy manuscripts may be rejected based on the priority of the journal.

Journal Scientific Integrity Policy: The Journal has developed principles for defining scientific misconduct as well as procedures for handling such matters. General guidelines are described below. To report suspected misconduct relating to authors, reviewers, or Editors, send written complaint to the office of Chief Editor. The Indian Journal of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar-243122, Bareilly, U.P., India or bntripathi1@yahoo.co.in.

Author Conduct: Authorship is defined as 1) substantial contributions to conception and design, or acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data; 2) drafting the manuscript or revising it critically for important intellectual content; and 3) final approval of the version to be published. Authors should meet conditions 1, 2, and 3. When submitting a manuscript to the Journal, the corresponding author takes responsibility on behalf of all authors for the authorship, authenticity and integrity of the research being reported. Authors should take special care that manuscripts submitted to the Journal are prepared in accordance with the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals (see http://www.icmje.org); in particular the ethical considerations regarding authorship, conflicts of interest, redundant publication and treatment and confidentiality of research subjects should be carefully adhered to. Additionally, the Journal takes great care to secure the confidentiality and integrity of the peer-review process; it is considered a violation of this confidentiality for authors to identify or attempt to communicate directly with peer reviewers or Editors regarding their manuscripts. The Editors will consider any deliberate ethical violation in either the reported research or the manuscript preparation and review process to be actionable misconduct, which may result in manuscript rejection or public article retraction, reporting of conduct to the authors’ governing institutions, and/or the denial to consider any future submissions to the Journal. Willful misconduct does not include incidents of honest misjudgment or inadvertent error.

Manuscript Submission: Two copies of double space typed manuscripts including two sets of all illustrations should be addressed to: Dr B.N. Tripathi, Chief Editor, The Indian Journal of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar – 243122, Bareilly, U.P., India: The cover letter must state any conflicts of interest (both financial and personal), affirm that the manuscript has neither been published previously and nor being considered concurrently by another publication, and affirm that all authors and acknowledged contributors have read and approved the manuscript. Submissions will be ineligible for review if previously published in any form (print or online) other than as an abstract. This includes any public posting of raw manuscripts or pre-reviewed material.

Manuscript Preparation: Manuscripts should be prepared in the style of the Journal and in accordance with “The Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals” developed by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (see http://www.icmje.org). Standard abbreviations can be found in the CSE Style Manual (7th ed., 2006). Type the manuscript on white bond paper, 216 x 279 mm (8.5 x 11 inches) or ISO A4 (212 x 297 mm), with margins of at least 25 mm (1 inch). Type on one side of the paper only. Use double spacing throughout including title page, abstracts, text, acknowledgments, references, tables, and legends for illustrations. Begin each of the following sections on separate pages: title page, abstract and key words, text, acknowledgments, references, individual tables, and legends. Number pages consecutively beginning with the title page. Manuscripts not prepared in accordance with the submission guidelines detailed below will be returned to the authors without review.

Title Page: The title page should carry a) the full title and a suggested short title of the article (up to 54 characters); b) the name by which each author is known and institutional affiliation; c) the name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed; 4) name and address of author responsible for correspondence about the manuscripts, bearing (*) on his surname; 5) disclaimers, if any; 6) source(s) of support in the form of grants, equipment, drugs or all of these; 7) an accurate word count of the text from the start of the introduction to the end of the discussion; and 8) a conflict of interest statement.

Abstract: The second page should carry an abstract, in prose form (not structured), of up to 250 words. The abstract should state the purposes of the study or investigation, the basic procedures, the main findings and the principal conclusions. It should emphasise new and important aspects of the study or observations. It should be understandable without reference to the rest of the paper and should contain no citation to other published work. Do not include references in abstract.

Key Words: Below the abstract authors should provide and identify as such 3 to 10 key words or short phrases to assist indexing the article and that may be published with the abstract. At least 3 of the keywords should refer to the anatomical site, disease and techniques used in the study. Key words must be arranged alphabetically.

Main Text: The text of observational and experimental articles is usually divided into sections with the headings: Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, and Acknowledgments (in this order) that need not begin on new pages. Commonly-abbreviated terms should be spelled out in their first appearence and then may be referenced in abbreviation through the remainder of the manuscript.

Introduction: State the purpose of the article and summarize the rationale for the study or observation. Give only strictly pertinent references and do not review the subject extensively. Do not include data or conclusions from the work being reported.

Materials and Methods: Describe your selection of the observational or experimental subjects (animals, birds or laboratory animals, including controls) clearly. Identify the age, sex and other important characteristics of the subjects where appropriate. As the relevance of such variables as age, sex and ethnicity to the object of research is not always clear, authors should explicitly justify them when they are included in a study report. The guiding principle should be the clarity about how and why a study was performed in a particular way. The authors should describe experimental and statistical methods in enough detail that other researchers can replicate results and evaluate claims. Give references to established methods, including statistical methods (see below); provide references and brief descriptions for methods that have been published but are not well known; describe new or substantially modified methods, give reasons for using them and evaluate their limitations. Identify precisely all drugs and chemicals used, including generic name(s), dose(s) and route(s) of administration. The sequences of oligonucleotides, if not previously published, should be provided. Novel DNA or protein sequences should be deposited to an appropriate database (eg, Genbank, EMBL, SWISS-PROT), with the accession numbers included in the manuscript. When providing supplier information for materials sources, company name and location (city and state, or city and country) should be provided.

Results: Present your results in logical sequence in the text, tables and illustrations. Do not repeat in the text all the data in the tables or illustrations; emphasise or summarise only important observations.

Discussion: Emphasise the new and important aspects of the study and the conclusions that follow from them. Do not repeat the data or other details given in the Introduction or the Results section. Include in the Discussion section the implications of the findings and their limitations, including implications for future research. Relate the observations to other relevant studies.

Link the conclusions with the goals of the study but avoid unqualified statements and conclusions not completely supported by the data. In particular, authors should avoid making statements on economic benefits and costs unless their manuscript includes economic data and analyses. Avoid claiming priority and alluding to work that has not been completed. State new hypotheses when warranted but clearly label them as such. Recommendations, when appropriate, may be included. References to unpublished data should not be included.

Acknowledgements: List all contributors who do not meet the criteria for authorship, such as a person who provided purely technical help, writing assistance or a department chair, who provided only general support. Financial and material support should also be acknowledged.

References: References should begin on a new page, be double-spaced and numbered consecutively in the order in which they are first mentioned in the text (not in alphabetic order), including citations in tables and figure legends. Identify references in text, tables and legends by superscripted Arabic numerals: Complete author citation is required (use of “et al” is not acceptable). All references should be complete and accurate. Avoid using abstracts as references. References to papers accepted but not yet published should be designated as ‘in press’. Avoid using unpublished observations and information from manuscripts submitted but not accepted. Avoid citing a ‘personal communication’ unless it provides essential information not available from a public source, in which case the name of the person and date of communication should be cited in parentheses in the text.

The Uniform Requirements style for references is based largely on an American National Standards Institute style adapted by the NLM for its databases. Authors should consult NLM’s Citing Medicine for information on its recommended formats for a variety of reference types. The titles of journals should be abbreviated according to the style used in the list of Journals Indexed for MEDLINE, posted by the NLM on the Library’s Web site. Articles published online but not yet assigned to an issue may be cited using the DOI. Online citations should include the date of access.

Some examples of correct forms of references are given below:
Articles in journals

  1. Standard journal article
    Pawaiya RVS, Ramkumar, Pawde AM, Menguy R. 2008. Immunohistochemical study of a rare case of cutaneous histiocytoma in buffalo. Indian J Vet Pathol 32: 251-256.
  2. Organization as author
    The Royal Marsden Hospital Bone-Marrow Transplantation Team. 1977. Failure of syngeneic bone-marrow graft without preconditioning in post-hepatitis marrow aplasia. Lancet 2: 742-744.
  3. No author given
    Coffee drinking and cancer of the pancreas (editorial). 1981. Br Med J 283:628.
  4. Article in a foreign language
    Massne L, Borghi S, Pestafino A, piccini R, Gambini C. 1987. Locations palmaires purpuriques de la dermatite herpetiforme. Ann Dermatol Venereol 114: 1545-1547.
  5. Volume with supplement
    Magni F, Rossoni G, Berti F. 1988. BN-52021 protects guinea-pig from heart anaphylaxis. Pharmacol Res Commun 20 (Suppl) 5: 75-78.
  6. Issue with supplement
    Gardos G, Cole JO, Haskell D, Marby D, Paine SS, Moore PL. 1988. The natural history of tardive dyskinesia. J Clin Psychopharmacol 8(4 Suppl): 31S-37S.
  7. Volume with part
    Hanly C. 1988. Metaphysics and innateness; a psychoanalytic perspective. Int J Psychoanal 69 (Pt 3): 389-399.
  8. Issue with part
    Edwards L, Meyskens F, levine N. 1989. Effect of oral isotretinoin on dysplastic nevi. J Am Acad dermatol 20(2 Pt 1): 257-260.
  9. Issue with no volume
    Baumeister AA. 1978. Origins and control of stereotyped movements. Monogr Am Assoc Ment Defic (3): 353-384.
  10. No issue or volume
    Danoek K. Skiing in and through the history of medicine. 1982. Nord Medicinhist Arab 86-100.
  11. Pagination in Roman
    numerals Ansvarsfall RY. 1989. Blood transfusion in ill patient. Vardfacket 13: XXVI-XXVII.
  12. Type of article indicated as needed
    Spargo PM, Muners JM. 1989. DDAVP and open heart surgery (letter). Anesthesia 44:362-364.
    Fuhrman SA, Joiner KA. 1987. Binding of the third component of complement C3 by Toxoplasma gondii (abstract). Clin Res 35: 475A.
  13. Article containing retraction
    Shishido A. 1980. Retraction notice: Effect of platinum compounds on murine lymphocyte mitogenesis (retraction of Alsabti EA, Ghalib ON, Saleem MH. In: Jpn J Med Sci Biol 1979; 32: 53-65). Jpn J Med Set Biol 33: 235-237.
  14. Article retracted
    Alsabti EA, Ghalib ON, Salem HM. 1979. Effect of platinum compounds on murine lymphocyte mitogenesis (Retracted by Shishido A. In: Jpn J Med Sci Biol 1980; 33: 235-237]. Jpn J Med Sci Biol 32: 53-65.
  15. Article containing comment
    Piccoli A, Bossati A. 1989. Early steroid therapy in IgA nephropathy; still an open question (comment). Nephron 51: 289-91. Comment on: Nephron 1988; 48: 12-17.
  16. Article commented on
    Kobayashi Y, Fujii K, Hiki Y, Tateno S, Kurokawa A, Kamiyaina M. 1988. Steroid therapy in IgA nephropathy: a retrospective study in heavy proteinuric cases (see comments). Nephron 48: 12-17. Comment in: Nephron 1989; 51: 289-291.
  17. Article with published erratum
    Schofield A. 1988. The CAGE questionnaire and psychological health (published erratum appears in Br J Addict 1989; 84: 701). Br J Addict 83: 761-764.
  18. Books and other monographs

  19. Personal author(s)
    Vegad JL, Katiyar AK. 2008. A Text Book of Veterinary Special Pathology: Infectious diseases of livestock and poultry. Lucknow: International Book Distributing Co. 560-565.

  20. Editor(s), compiler as author
    Diener HC, Wilkinson M. 1988. editors. Drug-induced Headache. New York: Springer-Verlag.
  21. Organization as author and publisher
    Virginia Law Foundation. 1987. The medical and legal implications of AIDS. Charlottesville: The Foundation.
  22. Chapters in a book
    Singh RK and Pawaiya RVS. 2006. Telomerase biology in animal cancers: prospects in developing diagnosis and anti-cancer therapeutics. In: Shrivastava AK, Singh RK, Yadav MP, editors. Animal Biotechnology. New Delhi: Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. 341-368.

  23. Conference proceedings
    Nakajima H and Plowright W. 1994. editors. Equine Infectious Diseases VII. Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference. 1994 Jun 8-11; Tokyo: R & W Publications (Newmarket) Ltd.
  24. Conference paper:
    Tripathi BN and Stevenson K. 2005. Detection of Mycobacterium avium sub-sp. paratuberculosis in formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissues of goats by IS900 PCR. In: Maning EJB, Nielsen SS, editors. Proceedings of the 8th International Colloquium on Paratuberculosis: Aug 14-18; Madison: International Association of Paratuberculosis, Inc. 525-532.
  25. Scientific and technical report:
    Akustsu T. 1974. Total heart replacement device. Bethesda (ML); National Institutes of Health, National Heart and Lung Institute; Apr. Report No; NH-NHLI 69-2185-2194.
  26. Dissertation
    Yousef NM. 1988. School Adjustment of Children with congenital heart disease (dissertation). Pittsburgh (PA): Univ of Pittsburgh.
  27. Patent
    Harred JF. Knight AR. Mclntyre JS, inventors Dow chemical Company, assignee. 1972. Epoxidation process. US patent 3654, 317, Apr 4.
  28. Articles published online

  29. Standard journal article on the Internet
    Polgreen PM, Diekema DJ, Vandeberg J, Wiblin RT, Chen YY, David S, Rasmus D, Gerdts N, Ross A, Katz L, Herwaldt LA. 2006. Risk factors for groin wound infection after femoral artery catheterization: a case-control study. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol [Internet]. Jan [cited 2007 Jan 5];27(1):34-37. Available from: http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/ICHE/journal/issues/v27n1/2004069/2004069.web.pdf.
    Poole KE, Compston JE. 2006. Osteoporosis and its management. BMJ [Internet]. Dec 16 [cited 2007 Jan 4]; 333(7581):1251-1256. Available from: http://www.bmj.com/cgi/reprint/ 333/7581/1251?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&andorexactfulltext= and&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&sortspec=relevance&volume=333& firstpage=1251&resourcetype=HWCIT
    Happell B. 2002. The influence of education on the career preferences of undergraduate nursing students. Aust Electron J Nurs Educ [Internet]. Apr [cited 2007 Jan 8];8(1):[about 12 p.]. Available from: http://www.scu.edu.au/schools/nhcp/aejne/vol8-1/refereed/happell_max.html
    Wright NA. 2004. The Standing of UK Histopathology Research 1997-2002. www.pathsoc.org.uk/ [accessed 7 October 2004].
  30. Articles published online but not yet assigned to an issue
    L Strizzi, C Bianco, M Hirota, K Watanabe, M Mancino, S Hamada et al. 2006. Development of leiomyosarcoma of the uterus in MMTV-CR-1 transgenic mice. J Pathol DOI:10.1002/path.2083.
  31. Unpublished material

  32. In press
    Lillywhite HB, Donald JA. 2009. Pulmonary blood flow regulation in an aquatic snake. Science. In Press.
  33. Tables: Type each table on a separate page at the end of the main document. Do not submit tables as photographs. Number tables consecutively in the order of their first citation in the text and supply a brief and self explanatory title for each. Give each column a short or abbreviated heading. Place explanatory matter in footnotes, not in the heading. Explain in footnotes all non-standard abbreviations that are used in each table. Identify statistical measures of variations, such as standard deviation and standard error of the mean. Do not use internal horizontal and vertical rules. Be sure that each table is cited in the text. If you use data from another published source, obtain permission and acknowledge fully.

    Illustrations (Figures): Figures should be numbered consecutively according to the order in which they have been first cited in the text. If a figure has been published, acknowledge the original source. If the manuscript is accepted for publication, written permission from the copyright holder to reproduce the material will have to be supplied. If photographs of people are used, either the subjects must not be identifiable or their pictures must be accompanied by written permission to use the photograph.

    Figures should be professionally drawn, photographed and digitized; freehand or typewritten lettering is unacceptable. Letters, numbers and symbols should be clear and even throughout and of sufficient size that when reduced for publication each item should still be legible. Titles and detailed explanations for illustrations should be given in the legends, not on the illustrations themselves.

    Figure Format: Authors should give considerable care in preparing figures. Figures may consist of multiple related panels (labeled A, B, C, etc.) described under one figure legend. Each figure (with all of its related panels) should be arranged on a single page as it should appear in final publication. Figure panels submitted on separate pages will be arranged at the publisher’s discretion. If figures are to be published in black and white, they should be submitted for review in black and white. Digital figure files are required, but authors must provide production-quality hardcopies for review purposes. Hardcopies should not differ from the output of digital figure files. Figures should be scaled to fit either one or two column widths (83 mm and 170.5 mm, respectively) with a maximum height of 251.5 mm. Figures deviating from these dimensions will be sized at the publisher’s discretion. Figures should be supplied (uploaded) as tiff files in RGB or greyscale mode with no profile embedded and no layers. All illustrations must be supplied at the correct resolution: a). Black and white and colour photos – 300 dpi; b). Graphs, drawings, etc – 800 dpi preferred; 600 dpi minimum; and c). Combinations of photos and drawings (black and white and colour) – 500 dpi. Authors should be careful to check that their colour images (especially fluorescence) will reproduce faithfully in CMYK print before submission. We recommend that authors check the quality of their figures prior to submission using Sheridan’s Digital Expert tool http://dx.sheridan.com/index.html. The preferred formats for digital figures are PDF, TIFF, and EPS.

    Legends for Illustrations: Type legends for illustrations starting on a separate page with Arabic numerals corresponding to the illustrations. When symbols, arrows, numbers or letters are used to identify parts of the illustrations, identify and explain each one clearly in the legend. Do not indicate the magnification for light micrographs. Internal scale markers are recommended for electron micrographs. Indicate the type of stain used only if it is other than haematoxylin and eosin.

    Page charges: There is no page charge to authors. The cost of blocks/offset negatives, scanning of photographs will have to be born by the author(s) if the institutions do not pay. Colour photographs are preferred for publication and per plate the charge is Rs. 1600/-. There is no charge for black and white photographs and graphs. Twenty reprints of each article (full papers, short communications and thesis abstracts) published in the journal would be supplied to the senior/ corresponding author at the nominal rates of Rs. 300/- only. Purchase of 20 reprints will be obligatory for the author(s). Colour plate charges and/or reprint charges must be paid in advance to facilitate publication of the article by a demand draft in favour of Treasurer, IAVP payable at Bareilly, which should be sent to the Chief Editor (Dr B.N. Tripathi).

    Cover Figure: The cover figure is selected by the Editors from illustrations appearing in the issue. Authors are encouraged to suggest a figure for consideration or include an additional cover figure submission along with their manuscript submission. Cover figures are published at no charge.

    Units of measurement: Measurement of length, height, weight and volume should be reported in metric units (meter, kilogram, or liter) or their decimal multiples. Temperatures should be given in degrees Celsius. Blood pressures should be given in millimeters of mercury. All haematologic and clinical-chemistry measurements should be reported in the Metric system in terms of the International System of Units (SI). Editors may request conventional or non-SI Units to be added by the authors before publications.

    Abbreviations and symbols: Use only standard abbreviations. Avoid abbreviation in the title and abstract. The full term for which an abbreviation stands should precede its first use in the text unless it is a standard unit measurement.

    Transfer of Copyright: To enable the publisher to disseminate authors’ work to the fullest extent, we require a signed Copyright Transfer Agreement transferring copyright in the article from the authors to The Indian Association of Veterinary Pathologists, from one author (usually the corresponding author) with the understanding that all authors have seen and agreed to the contents of the manuscript. A copy of the agreement to be used (which may be photocopied) can be found at the end of these guidelines. Copies may also be obtained from the editorial office or from the journal website. For Indian government employees, the above assignment applies only to the extent allowable by law.

    Corrections are published upon request and after editorial review. Retractions are published upon request of authors or their institutions and may also be published by the Journal following a determination of scientific misconduct. Notes of Concern are published in response to editorial concerns relating to scientific or publishing misconduct by authors or reviewers or to alert the scientific community of an ongoing investigation.

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