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Year : 2022, Volume : 46, Issue : 4
First page : ( 303) Last page : ( 310)
Print ISSN : 0250-4758. Online ISSN : 0973-970X. Published online : 2022  03.
Article DOI : 10.5958/0973-970X.2022.00052.9

Comparative toxico-pathological studies on sub-acute toxicity of allopurinol and febuxostat against induced hyperuricemia in broiler model

Kumar Sanjiv*, Gupta Madhurendu Kumar, Kumar Sanjit

Department of Veterinary Pathology, Ranchi Veterinary College, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India

*Address for correspondence: Dr Sanjiv Kumar, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Ranchi Veterinary College, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India

Online Published on 03 February, 2023.

Received:  15  December,  2021; Accepted:  13  September,  2022.

Abstract

Gout is a metabolic disorder characterized by high serum uric acid level which gets deposited in various organs. Poultry industry is facing a huge challenge to reduce the economic losses due to gout. Poultry professionals are arbitrarily using allopurinol and febuxostat as over the counter medication. However, the indiscriminate use of these drugs may lead to adverse effect. In this study toxico-pathological study, with higher dose rate, was carried out to determine an adverse effect of allopurinol or febuxostat through haematological, patho-chemical, oxidative stress enzymes, gross pathology, histopathology and ultra-structural studies. The study was conducted on 18 broiler chicks, which were randomly divided into three groups viz group C (no treatment as control), T1 group (administered allopurinol @ 250 mg/kg b.wt.) and T2 group (administered febuxostat @ 50 mg/kg b.wt.) for 7 days. The result showed that allopurinol has greater safety margin in broiler grower birds whereas febuxostat carry inherent capability of hepatic necrosis, progressive portal fibrosis, cirrhosis and end stage hepatic failure if the broiler grower birds are subjected to long term febuxostat toxicity. Since, Febuxostat showed hepatotoxic potential as well as potential for progressive fibrosis and chronic hepatotoxicity. It should be judiciously used in proper dosage for better therapeutic outcome.

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Keywords

Allopurinol, Broiler, Febuxostat, Gout, Oxidative stress, Transmission electron microscopy.

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