| [1] | Upgradation of coal fines using short cone hydro-cyclones — a case study |
| Khanna R and Sahay VK. 2001 | Coal is a major source of energy - as a solid fuel - for steel industries as well as for thermal power stations. Indian coal has a high percentage of ash content and cannot be used directly in blast furnaces. The required low ash percentage of coal can be obtained with the help of efficient beneficiation techniques. This paper deals with fine coal beneficiation technique using short cone hydro-cyclone. All aspects of operation, maintenance, merits and demerits have been discussed. The authors conclude that further studies are to be made for replacing the floatation circuit with second stage of short cone with different cone angles, spigot dia and other design parameters so that the recovery of washed coal fines could be optimized.
(4 figures, 3 tables) |
| Journal of Mines, Metals and Fuels49(10):384–386 |
Washery Division,
Saraidhella, Sudamdih Coal Washery, Sudamdih, Dhanbad, India |
|
| [2] | Effect of cleaning process on the combustion characteristics of two different rank coals |
| Kok MV, Hicyilmaz C, and Ozbas KE. 2001 | In this paper, TG/DTG (thermogravimetry and derivative thermogravimetry) analysis was used to determine the combustion characteristics of coals of two different ranks (Tunçbilek and Afú in Elbistan) before and after the cleaning process. Applying sink-float process cleaned raw coal samples, and optimum-separating density for each sample was determined using the criteria of'degree of washability'. The results indicated that coal cleaning was very effective on Tunçbilek sample due to its high rank. TG/DTG analysis of raw and cleaned samples indicated different reaction regions occurring at different temperature intervals. Easy combustibility and long-lasting combustion were the distinctive effects of coal cleaning on raw coals. Kinetic analysis of the samples showed that clean coals require lower activation energies to initiate the combustion process than raw coals.
(6 figures, 10 tables) |
| Energy and Fuels15(6):1461–1468 |
Department of Mining Engineering,
Middle East Technical University, 06531 Ankara, Turkey |
|
| [3] | Using the coal mine roof rating (CMRR) to assess roof stability in US coal mines |
| Molinda GM, Mark C, and Debasis D. 2001 | The stability of any underground opening is, in large part, a function of the strength of the rock mass, that surrounds it. The CMRR has been developed to quantify the defects in the rock mass and compile a strength value, which can be used for engineering design. The CMRR has been applied to a number of ground stability problems, including chain pillar design, roof bolt selection, hazard assessment, intersection design, and numerical modelling. The CMRR procedure and its application are described in this paper. The CMRR will soon be available in a Visual Basic computer program, allowing easy integration into exploration programmes and standard roof fall assessments.
(14 figures, 19 references) |
| Journal of Mines, Metals and Fuels49(8 and 9):314–320 |
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
Pittsburgh Research Laboratory, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA |
|
| [4] | Organic desulphurization of Assam coal and its sulphur-rich lithotypes by sequential solvent extraction to obtain cleaner fuel |
| Das A and Sharma DK. 2001 | In this paper the distribution of sulphur in different lithotypes in Assam coal is reported and an attempt is made for organic desulphurization of Assam coal by directly using original run-of-mine coal as well as by taking its sulphur-rich lithotypes, using sequential solvent extraction to obtain cleaner fuel. More than 80% organic sulphur was found to have been removed by this treatment. The vitrinite content of the coal seemed to play no significant role on the organic desulfurization of the coal and sulphur-rich lithotypes. Successive sequential extraction of coal may help in desulfurization of high sulfur coals to obtain cleaner fuels.
(2 figures, 5 tables, 16 references) |
| Energy Sources23(8):687–697 |
Centre for Energy Studies,
Indian Institute of Technology-Delhi, New Delhi - 110 016, India |
|
| [5] | Application of water-only cyclones in coal and mineral beneficiation plants |
| Suresh N and Rao TC. 2001 | Water-only cyclones are being increasingly used to treat coal and mineral fines below 2 mm size. The information pertaining to the industrial use of these gravity separators has not yet been fully understood because of lack of sufficient information on the separation characteristics of these units. This paper attempts to depict how efficiently these units can be used to beneficiate the coal and mineral fines both at laboratory and plant scale levels. Effect of important design and operating variables on the performance characteristics of the washing unit has been discussed. It is concluded that water-only cyclones could be the efficient washing units for cleaning of coal and iron ore fines below 3 mm size. The results obtained clearly indicate that use of these units can be extended to process other ores/minerals also.
(8 figures, 4 tables) |
| Journal of Mines, Metals and Fuels49(10):392–397 |
Department of Fuel and Mineral Engineering,
Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad - 826 004, India |
|
| [6] | Mine accident data analysis for identifying counter-measures towards better safety performance |
| Paul PS and Maiti J. 2001 | In this paper, a detailed analysis of accident/injury data of an underground coal mine was performed. The risk in terms of frequency rate for occupation, cause, and occupation-cause group combined, body parts injured, and body parts-cause group combined was computed. The consequences of the various risk factors were measured in terms of man-days lost per injury. The case study results showed that of the job/occupation categories, the miners/loaders' injuries are the most frequent and severe. The major cause of their injuries is loading of coal. However, slip-and-fall accidents, also a major safety problem in the mine have also been studied. Care must be taken by providing adequate training, judicial task allocation, and appropriate tools amongst the miners/loaders to avoid the loading-of-coal accidents. Redesigning of miner shoes with ergonomical intervention to suit the footing conditions of the mine may help in reducing slip-and-fall injuries.
(7 tables, 3 references) |
| The Indian Mining and Engineering Journal40(12):47–53 |
Research Scholar,
Department of Mining and Geology, Bengal Engineering College (Deemed University), Howrah, India |
|
| [7] | Recent trends and developments in mine fire prevention with special reference to Indian School of Mines |
| Singh VK and Dixit JP. 2001 | Some R&D efforts for early detection, prevention, assessment, isolation, and extinguishing mine fire in coal mines in India as well as in other countries have recently been made by various research institutions. In the present paper, these efforts have been critically reviewed with special reference to the problems in Indian coal mines and recent R&D efforts made in India, as mine fires in Jharia and Raniganj coal fields is a long standing safety, as well as, an environmental problem. Keeping in view the costs and benefits of fire protection measures, the immensity of the problem and its financial implications have been judged from the fact and figures. To solve this serious problem the authors have proposed to take up a comprehensive R&D programme for in-depth study with economically viable technology for its permanent solution.
(2 references) |
| The Indian Mining and Engineering Journal40(12):31–33 |
Scientist,
Central Mining Research Institute, Dhanbad, India |
|
| [8] | Roof damage prediction in solid blasting — an approach |
| Murthy VMSR and Dey K. 2001 | Solid blasting technique, followed extensively in bord and pillar development in coal mining, generates high PPV (peak particle velocity), which acts as a potential trigger for roof falls. There is scarce data related to coal mine roof vibrations due to solid blasting in different geo-mining conditions to analyse the impact of the same on roadway stability. This paper presents a systematic study on the roof vibration measurements conducted in different underground coal mines in India. Roof vibration predictor equations were developed using scaled distance and PPV data for the four underground coal mines having different geo-mining set up. The PPV range for the three proposed zones of rock damage - crushed zone, overbreak zone, and crack zone -were found to vary from mine to mine due to the change in RMR (rock mass rating). The maximum change per delay is determined based on the RMR values for increased production and safety. The authors feel that, more case studies would help in consolidating the above approach.
(9 figures, 2 tables, 7 references) |
| Minetech22(5 and 6):43–53 |
Department of Mining Engineering,
Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad - 826 004, India |
|