Metagenomics: A novel tool for livestock and poultry improvement: A review Pawar Sachin S.1,*, Mohanapure Pallavi A.2, Brahmane Manoj P.3, Bhendarkar Mukesh P.1, Nirmale Avinash V.1, Kurade Nitin P.1 1ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati-413 115, Maharashtra, India 2ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi-110 012, India 3ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai-400 061, Maharashtra, India *Corresponding Author: Sachin S. Pawar, ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati-413 115, Maharashtra, India, Email: sachinndri@gmail.com
Online published on 10 July, 2023. Abstract A distinct mechanism of generating metagenome is metagenomics which includes sequencing the whole DNA extracted from an environmental sample, mapping it to a reference database followed by gene annotation. Advancement in sequence-based metagenomics has significantly reduced processing costs and has acquired a rapid pace. Metagenomics has been crucial in investigating “hidden” genetic characteristics and construction biotechnological processes through the discovery of novel genes, enzymes, pathways and bioactive molecules with entirely different or improved biochemical functions. Metagenomics is a fairly recent addition to the molecular toolbox and is the simplest, impartial way of challenging the adaptive ability of microbial populations. Metagenomics is beneficial in recognising the complex consortium of bacteria, protozoa, archaea, fungi, etc. and association amongst them resulting in higher feed utilization and productivity of animals. It allows formulating probiotics feed materials, as well as in immunomodulation in both livestock and poultry. This review emphasizes significant recent achievements in metagenomics, offers insights into the possibilities, modernday challenges and its utility in livestock and poultry. Top Keywords Metagenomics, Metagenome, Livestock, Sequencing. Top |