A role of surface modifications in creating and maintaining bone at titanium endosseous implants Gupta Ajay1, Professor and Head, Shukla Pradeep, Professor and Head, Jha Padmanabh, Senior Lecturer, Saxena Deepesh, Senior Lecturer 1Address for Correspondence: Dr. Ajay Gupta Professor and Head Department Of Prosthodontics, D.J. college Of Dental Sciences And Research Modinagar-201204, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Online published on 7 December, 2011. Abstract The traditional protocol of dental implants has been based on a two-stage submerged surgical protocol, allowing a 3–6 months bone healing period. Thus within a treatment time-frame, implant-supported prostheses may take up to 7–8 months to complete, which from the patient’ perspective may be unsatisfactory. In an attempt to shorten treatment periods, there is a trend towards using a one-stage non-submerged surgical procedure along with an early/immediate loading protocol. Consequently, primary implant stability becomes a prerequisite for successful bone integration of dental implants. Primary implant stability has been reported to be influenced by the bone quality and quantity, the implant geometry, and the site preparation technique. This review identifies the role of surface roughness and aspects of implant design on the initial implant stability and bone responses to these factors. Although clinical evidence is unclear on the effects of implant thread shape on initial implant stability, it may be deduced that thread design may be influential in poor quality bone, and not be as significant in good quality bone. It is concluded that to make early/immediate loading a predictable treatment modality in a low-density bone, technical modifications should be made to adapt to different clinical situations in the establishment of biologic width and optimize initial stability and maximize the crestal cortical bone preservation by translating shear strains at the interface to a more compressive component. Top Keywords surface topography, surface characterization, osseointegration. Top |