Extremozymes and their prospective uses - A review Harkhani K., Patel D., Marakna B., Bamaniya D., Sharma A.K.* School of Sciences, P.P. Savani University, Kosamba, Surat - 392 145, Gujarat, India *Corresponding author Email: anish.sharma@ppsu.ac.in
Online Published on 24 January, 2024. Abstract Extremophiles, a type of microorganism, live and even thrive in extremely hostile conditions. These microorganisms have evolved a wide range of molecular defence mechanisms in order to protect themselves. These species produce biocatalysts known as extremozymes. The need for biocatalysis in a green, sustainable, biobased economy has led to significant advancements in biotechnology during the past two decades. Biocatalysis offered several advantages, such as improved selectivity and specificity, cheaper operating costs and lower toxicity, which reduced the environmental impact of industrial operations. When exposed to extremes of ion concentration, temperature, pH, pressure or solvent concentration, the majority of commercially available enzymes rapidly lose their activity. Extremophilic bacteria produce robust enzymes with enhanced activity and stability in unusual settings and harsh environments. The potential uses of amylases, proteases, lipases, pullulanases, cellulases, chitinases, xylanases and pectinases in agriculture, chemistry, biomedicine, bioremediation and biotechnology has led to a rise in the investigation of extremozymes and their principal applications in recent years. Top Keywords Extremophiles, Extremozymes, Thermophiles, Psychrophiles, Halophiles. Top |