Evaluation of the resistance of some wheat varieties against greenbugs Schizaphus graminum (Aphididae: Hemiptera) Al-Hussine Haider D.1, Alyousuf Aqeel A.2,*, Ahmed Agha Mushtaque3, Nikpay Amin4 1Basrah Department of Plant Protection, Ministry of Agriculture, Basrah, Iraq 2Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq 3Department of Entomology, Faculty of Crop Protection, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan 4Department of Plant Protection, Sugarcane & By-products Development Company, Salman Farsi Agro Industry, Ahwaz, Iran *Corresponding Author : aqeel.alyousuf@okstate.edu
Online published on 2 February, 2024. Abstract A study were conducted to assess the resistance of some wheat varieties (Abu-Ghraib, Babil-113, Baraka, Buhooth-10, Buhooth-158, Buhooth-22, Fatih, IPA-95, IPA-99, Latefia, Rashed, and Tammoz-2) against the infestation of the Greenbugs Shizaphis graminum. The mechanisms of the resistance tools (Tolerance, Antixenosis and Antibiosis tests) were used in this study. The results of tolerance test showed that Rashed and Abu-Ghraib were the most tolerant varieties. In the non-preference test, Buhooth -158 and IPA-99 were the least preferred by the insect. The results of the first antibiosis test showed that the varieties IPA-99, Abu-Ghraib and Rashed were the most resistant, followed by the moderate resistance varieties, Buhooth-22 and Buhooth-158, which showed medium levels of resistance; IPA-95 and Buhouth-10 were recorded as medium sensitivity; whereas, Tammoz-2, Baraka, Babil-113, Fatih and Latifia were the most sensitive variety, which showed high sensitivity to infestation of Greenbugs. The results of the second antibiosis test showed that both the cultivar IPA-99 and Rashed reduced the levels of life table factors of Greenbugs compared to the other varieties; Rashed and IPA-99 had significant effect on the fertility and life of the aphids by reducing the number of daily laying nymphs and the total number of nymphs laid during the insect's life cycle. Thus, the shortest longevity of the adult were recorded on Rashed and IPA-99, while the longest longevity was recorded on Abu-Ghraib and Buhooth-158, compared to the susceptible variety Latifiia. Depending on the Plant Resistance Index PRI (using mechanism of resistance: Tolerance, Antixenosis and Antibiosis), which was used in the final classification of the sensitivity of the some wheat varieties, the result categorized the varsities Rashid, Abu-Ghraib and IPA-99 as high resistant varieties against the infestation of Greenbugs, that can be recommended to be an important part of the integrated management programs of Greenbugs on wheat. Top Keywords Antibiosis, Antixenosis and Greenbugs, Resistance, Tolerance, Wheat. Top |