Quantification of Urinary Exosome Sex Hormone Binding Globulin Levels during Estrus and Diestrus Stages of Buffaloes Varra Manasa1,*, Kumar V. Girish2, Chandranaik B.M.3, Kumar M.T. Sanjeev4, Sundaresan N.R.5, Sejian Veerasamy6, Sudha G.7 1Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Proddatur-516 360, Andhra Pradesh, India 2Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemisrty, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Bhubaneswar-751 030, Orissa, India 3Institute of Animal Health and Veterinary Biologicals, Hebbal, Karnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Bangalore-560 024, Karnataka, India 4Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Veterinary College, Gadag, Karnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Bangalore-582 101, Karnataka, India 5Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 002, Karnataka, India 6Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education and Research, Puducherry-605 009, Tamil Nadu, India 7Department of Instructional Livestock Farm Complex, Veterinary College, Hebbal, Karnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Bangalore-560 024, Karnataka, India *Corresponding Author: Manasa Varra, Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Proddatur-516 360, Andhra Pradesh, India, Email: dr.manasa88@gmail.com
Online Published on 05 January, 2024. Abstract Background The efficiency of reproduction in buffaloes can be increased by being able to spot buffaloes in estrus, as silent heat is a severe problem in this species. Proteins of urinary exosomes are identified to be better physiological biomarkers when compared to cell free proteins as these extracellular vesicles (EVs) are tiny in size, have additional protection from degradation by endogenous protease activity and are involved in intercellular communication. Hence, the present study was aimed to quantify the urinary exosome sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels during estrus and diestrus stages of buffaloes to determine its suitability as a marker for identifying buffaloes in estrus. Methods The grouping of animals as mid-diestrus (Group-I/G-I/Control group), regular estrus (Group-II/G-II) and silent estrus (Group-III/G-III) buffaloes was done using a combinatorial approach. The levels of SHBG in urinary exosomes of three groups of animals was quantified using the bovine SHBG ELISA kit. Result The present study’s findings showed significantly higher urinary exosome SHBG concentration (p<0.05) in G-I in comparison to G-II and G-III. The present study revealing for decreased concentration of urinary exosome SHBG in G-II and G-III animals when compared to G-I animals probably construes the physiological role of SHBG in the female reproductive tract at the estrus stage by mediating the action of estradiol 17 β (E2) at the target site. However, for urinary exosome SHBG to be considered as a biomarker, there is need for additional research on a bigger population. Top Keywords Buffalo, Estrus, Sex hormone binding globulin, Silent estrus, Urinary exosome. Top |