Pattern of Head injury and other associated injuries in patients with Maxillofacial trauma Kaur Gursimrat1,*, Dang Ramandeep Singh2, Sodhi S.P.S.3 1Assistant Prof, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dasmesh Institute of Research and Dental Sciences, Faridkot (Punjab) 2Senior Consultant Neurosurgeon, Ex-Prof. and Head, Department of Neurosurgery, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot (Punjab) 3Prof. and Head, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dasmesh Institute of Research and Dental Sciences, Faridkot (Punjab) *Corresponding Author: Dr. Gursimrat Kaur, Assistant Prof, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dasmesh Institute of Research and Dental Sciences, Faridkot (Punjab)
Online published on 22 August, 2019. Abstract Background The medical records of the patients with head injury and associated maxillofacial fractures seen in the Neurosurgery Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot (Centre-I) and the patients with maxillofacial fractures admitted in the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Dasmesh Institute of Research & Dental Sciences Faridkot (Centre-II) were reviewed the during the time span of one year (July1, 2014 to July1, 2015) to document the age, sex, etiology, incidence, features and patterns of associated maxillofacial trauma and use of intoxicants (alcohol and drugs) in head injury patients. Methods The records of total 810 patients were studied in a retrospective manner. Data regarding the cause of RTA, age and sex distribution, associated facial bone fractures, accompanying cranial injury, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score and other associated injuries of the patients were noted. Maxillofacial trauma included trauma of the craniofacial skeleton (extending from the frontal bone to the mandible). Results It was seen that Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) accounted for the highest number of fractures predominantly occurring in the age group of 21–30 years with predominance in males. Head injuries were seen in 93%patients reported at Centre-I with associated cervical spine injury in 19.9% patients. Conclusion All maxillofacial trauma patients with or without head injury should preferably be kept under strict observation for any delayed head injury reactions. Among these patients, while the risk of head injury increases in those with multiple facial fractures, this risk does not increase in facial fractures isolated to a single region. Furthermore, even with a GCS of 15 and no clinical findings indicating head injury, head injury may be suspected in patients with multiple facial fractures. Top Keywords Facial bone fracture, head injury, maxillofacial trauma. Top |