Plant Tissue Culture in India: Current Status and Future Prospects Kumar Subhash1,*, Rani Seema2 1Department of Botany, C.C.R(PG) College, Muzaffarnagar (U.P.), India 2Department of Botany, Meerut College, Meerut (U.P.), India *Corresponding Author: subhashvikal2012@gamil.com
Online Published on 12 September, 2023. Abstract Plant tissue culture is the cultivation of plant cells, tissues or organs under aseptic conditions on artificial nutrient media. The basic principle of plant tissue culture is totipotency i.e., the capacity of a plant cell to regenerate into a whole plant. It involves culturing explants (such as shoot tip, root tip, callus, seed, embryo, pollen grain, ovule or even a single cell) isolated from mother plant on a sterile nutrient medium which leads to cell multiplication and plant regeneration Plant tissue culture technique required a medium, supplemented with the required amounts of plant hormones which include auxins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, gibberellins, ethylene, and growth regulators with similar metabolic effects. Laminar air flow and Autoclave are used to create aseptic conditions in laboratory. This technique include micro-propagation, meristem culture, somatic embryogenesis, somaclonal variation, embryo culture, In-vitro selection, anther culture, protoplast culture and cryo-preservation. The global plant tissue culture market size was valued at $382.305 million in 2020, and is estimated to reach $895.006 million by 2030. Plant tissue culture technique employed for the identification and isolation of bioactive phytocompounds has numerous industrial applications in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Plant tissue culture coupled with biotechnological approaches leads towards sustainable agricultural development providing solutions to major food security issues. Top Keywords Tissue culture, Micropropagation, Protoplast culture, Somatic embryos. Top |