The role of high fiber diet in the management of Type 2 diabetes: A review on dietetic perspective Rani J.A. Sindhu1,*, Vishnu S.L.2, John Jinu3 1Department of Biochemistry, NSS College Nilamel, Kollam, Kerala, India 2Department of Biochemistry and Industrial Microbiology, Sree Narayana College for Women, Kollam, Kerala, India 3Department of Biotechnology, CMS College, Kottayam, Kerala, India *Corresponding author: Sindhu Rani, J.A., Department of Biochemistry, NSS College Nilamel, Kollam, Kerala, India, E-mail: sindhurani77@gmail.com
Online Published on 29 August, 2023. Abstract Dietary fiber is now recognized to have a profound influence on human nutrition, because of its therapeutic and beneficial effects on various states of health and diseases. Consumption of high fiber reduces the likelihood of developing cardiovascular disease, stroke, hypertension, obesity, and some gastrointestinal conditions. This review article delivers information about the role of fiber-rich foods in the management of Type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) emphasizes the importance of Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT) in T2DM clinical practice recommendations. The benefits of a high-fiber diet, known as Fiber-rich diabetes nutrition (FDN) are improved glycaemic control, lesser glucose spikes, reduced hyperinsulinemia, better plasma lipid concentrations, and weight loss in type 2 diabetes patients. Comparing the two types of fiber (soluble and insoluble), it has been found that soluble fiber is better at lowering blood sugar, insulin, and serum lipid levels than insoluble fiber. The possible ways are slowing down glucose absorption, taking longer for hepatic insulin extraction, and improving insulin sensitivity. Skeletal muscle expression of the insulin-responsive glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT-4) can be influenced by diet and hence affect the body’s ability to take in glucose. This increases skeletal muscle uptake, improves insulin sensitivity, and normalizes blood sugar. Over 25 grams of fiber per day is recommended for women with type 2 diabetes, and 35 grams is recommended for males. For preventing and treating Type 2 Diabetes, it’s essential to give appropriate dietary instructions for the adequate intake of dietary fiber. Top Keywords Dietary Fiber, Type 2 diabetes, Fiber-rich diabetes nutrition, Glycaemic control. Top |