Incidence of Thyroid Disorders in India: An Institutional Retrospective Analysis Nagarkar Rajnish, Roy Shirsendu, Akheel Mohammad*, Palwe Vijay, Kulkarni Nayana, Pandit Prakash Department of Oncology, Curie Manavata Cancer Centre, Nashik, Maharashtra, India *Address for Correspondence: Dr. Mohammad Akheel, Curie Manavata cancer centre, Opposite to Mahamarg Bustand, Nashik, Maharashtra, India. Phone: +91-7058401419. Email- drakheelomfs@gmail.com
Online published on 14 September, 2015. Abstract Aim Thyroid disorders are common endocrine disorders encountered in the African continent. Environmental and nutritional factors are often implicated in the occurrence of most thyroid disorders that occur in the most part of the world. This is a narrative review that seeks to document the pattern, prevalence, and management of thyroid disorders in the continent. To find the incidence and prevalence of thyroid disorders from total body malignancies at our cancer center. Objective Implementation of thyroid screening camps among the general population. In India, thyroid disorders in childhood and adolescence have not been sufficiently studied. Where studies are available, they were either conducted decades ago or they involved only adults. The objectives of this study are to describe the pattern of thyroid disorders in each individual seen in our hospital and to highlight the management challenges encountered. Materials and Methods This is a retrospective medical record analysis performed in our tertiary care cancer center in Nasik, Maharashtra for a period of 6 years from January 2008 to December 2014. The clinical examination, biochemical studies, serological and histological parameters were used to characterize and evaluate the patients of thyroid disorders. Investigations done, surgical treatment type, types and complications of thyroid disorders, incidence according to age, sex and prognosis were all documented in this analysis. Results Of 16933 cancer patients, 128 patients suffered from thyroid disorders and the prevalence was 0.8%. The prevalence of thyroid disorders was significantly higher in females than males (33.6% vs. 66.4%, χ2 = 27.56, P < 0.001). The prevalence of thyroid disorders was significantly higher in higher aged (≥31 years) patients as compared to lower aged (≤30 years) patients (14.1% vs. 85.9%, χ2 = 132.30, P < 0.001). Of total thyroid disorders, 99 (77.3%) patients had cancers with highest prevalence of follicular cancer (58.6%). Of total thyroid disorders, 79 (61.7%) patients underwent surgery with no postoperative complications and were discharged on 3rd day of surgery. The mortality rate was 4.6%. Conclusion There are a high risk and burden of thyroid disorders in India due to lack of nutrition and unavailability of proper therapeutic resources. There are a lack and paucity of data on the epidemiology of thyroid disorders. Due to lack of resources, complete screening for thyroid diseases in the general population is not cost-effective. There must be complete family screening with all genetic relatives in all patients with juvenile autoimmune thyroiditis. Top Keywords Management, thyroid disorders, thyroidectomy. Top |