Hemoglobin Trend in Individuals Undergoing regular Hemodialysis—A retrospective Study from a Tertiary care Hospital Nayak Megha Nagaraj1, Attur Ravindra Prabhu2, Veena N. K.3,* 1Assistant Professor, School of Allied Health Sciences 2Professor & Unit Head, Nephrology Department, Kasturba Medical College 3Assistant Professor, School of Allied Health Sciences, MAHE, Manipal, Karanataka, India *Corresponding Author: Veena N. K, Assistant Professor, School of Allied Health Sciences, MAHE, Manipal, Karanataka, India, Email: veena.nk@manipal.edu
Online published on 4 June, 2019. Abstract Introduction Persistent anemia is one of the most common complications seen in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The factors contributing to anemia in CKD include loss of blood, reduced lifespan of red cell, vitamin deficiencies, erythropoietin deficiency, iron deficiency, and inflammation. Erythropoietin deficiency appears to be the major cause of anemia among the CKD. It is well established that hemoglobin level tends to decrease in CKD individuals. In renal anemia, hemoglobin level is usually managed with iron therapy and or erythropoietin treatment or blood transfusion. NKF-KODOQI clinical practice recommends hemoglobin level to range from 11g/dL-12g/dL among CKD undergoing hemodialysis(CKD 5HD). Hence it is essential to maintain recommended hemoglobin level among the individuals in order to avoid the mortality rate. In India there is dearth on the database of hemoglobin trend investigated longitudinally, and hence the present study was focused in this direction. Aim To investigate the hemoglobin trend in CKD 5HD in a tertiary care hospital. Objectives a) To profile the hemoglobin trend among the individuals on erythropoietin alone, combination of erythropoietin and iron therapy, and individuals not undergoing any treatment. (b) To compare hemoglobin trend among the individuals on erythropoietin alone, combination of erythropoietin and iron therapy, and individuals not undergoing any treatment. Method Retrospective observational study. A total of N=90 participants were enrolled in the study. The participants were classified into 3 Groups. Group 1-Erythropoietin (n=30), Group 2-erythropoietin and iron therapy (n=30) and Group 3-No treatment (n=30). Data were retrieved from medical records who were on regular hemodialysis for more than six months. The hemoglobin level was observed for six months and documented. Results In the present study, it was observed that hemoglobin tend to increase among the Group 1 and Group 2 participants, unlike the Group 3 participants, who received no treatment. Among the groups, it was observed the mean hemoglobin level of Group1-9.1g/dL was more compared to Group 2 and Group 3–8.7g/dL. Conclusion It was observed that individuals who were on treatment had a rising trend in hemoglobin unlike individuals with no treatment. However, it could also be observed that the mean hemoglobin was maintained appropriately among individuals with no treatment, which could be probably due to the lifestyle and other individual related factors. Top Keywords Chronic kidney disease, Hemoglobin level, Hemodialysis, Erythropoietin treatment, iron therapy. Top |