Antibacterial Effect of Sambucus Williamsii Var. Coreana NAKAI (S. Williamsii) against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) for the Traditional Treatment of Oral Diseases Nam Seoul-Hee Department of Dental Hygiene, Kangwon National University, Samcheok-si, 25949, Republic of Korea Online published on 4 June, 2019. Abstract Background/Objectives This study investigated the antibacterial effect of Sambucus williamsii var. coreana NAKAI (S. williamsii) extract, a natural substance, against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), the main bacteria that cause root canal infection. Methods/Statistical Analysis To investigate the antibacterial effect of S. williamsii extract made with 70% ethanol against 24-hour-cultured E. faecalis (ATCC 4083), the extract was diluted with 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 mg/ml. To observe the effect based on time, the colony-forming units (CFUs) and viability were measured after culturing at 37ºC for 6 and 24 hours. The changes by concentration and time were analyzed using SPSS, with a 5% significance level. Findings After 6 hours, the CFU calculation results were 0 mg/mL (7.4×107), 5 mg/mL (1.1×104), 10 mg/mL (1.1×104), 20 mg/mL (1.1×103), 30 mg/mL (2.7×102), and 40 mg/mL (1). These results showed a decrease in the bacterial growth rate as the concentration of the extract increased. Furthermore, the CFUs after 24 hours were 0 mg/mL (1.0×1011), 5 mg/mL (2.9×107), 10 mg/mL (2.8×106), 20 mg/mL (2.4×101), 30 mg/mL (0), and 40 mg/mL (0), which showed a clear antibacterial effect from the bacterial growth suppression as the concentration increased. Over time, definite bacterial suppression was shown in 40, 30, and 20 mg/ml, and in particular, 40 mg/ml showed complete bacterial death. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 20 mg/ml, while the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was 30 mg/ml after 6 hours and 40 mg/ml after 24 hours, which showed an increasing antibacterial effect against E. faecalis as the concentration increased. These values also confirmed the non-existence of bacteria. Improvements/Applications S. williamsii extract showed an excellent antibacterial effect against E. faecalis, a natural substance that can substitute for the existing chemical substance. It is considered that developing root canal treatment using S. williamsii extract will enable biocompatible root canal treatment. Top Keywords Sambucus williamsii var. coreana NAKAI (S. williamsii), Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), pulpitis, antimicrobial effect, endodontic. Top |