Prevalence and Characterization of Opportunistic Candidal Infection among Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus Rani T. Sandhya1,*, Srikumar R.2, Reddy E. Prabhakar3, Latha S.4 1Research Scholar, Department of Microbiology, Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Affiliated to Bharath Institute of Higher Education, Pondicherry, India 2Research Associate, Centre for Research, Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Affiliated to Bharath Institute of Higher Education, Pondicherry, India 3Professor of Biochemistry, Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Affiliated to Bharath Institute of Higher Education, Pondicherry, India 4Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Affiliated to Bharath Institute of Higher Education, Pondicherry, India *Corresponding Author: Sandhya Rani T, Research Scholar, Department of Microbiology, Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Pondicherry, India-605502, Phone: 9581243317, Email: sandhya.micro86@gmail.com
Online published on 19 August, 2019. Abstract Background and Purpose Diabetic patients are more susceptible to oral candidiasis infection due to poor glycemic control and therapeutic dentures and Xerostomia, which reduces the salivary flow and a salivary pH disorder. In the current study, we aimedfor Prevalence and characterization of opportunistic Candidal infection among patients with Type II diabetes mellitus. Materials and Method Oral washwere taken from the mouth of 400 participants and were cultured on Sabourauddextrose agar (SDA) medium. The study was performed during January to December 2016 in diabetic patients (n=400) admitted in medicine ward. The Candida spp. were differentiated by culture on CHROMagar, Sugar assimilation test, Sugar fermentation test and antifungal susceptibility test. Results The frequency of Candida spp. was higher in diabetic patients. Oral candidiasis more significant in females 129(52%), alcoholic 98(85%), smoker 89(77%) and Denture 174(71%). C. albicans was the most prevalent species in diabetics 135(55%) followed by C. tropicalis 43(17.6%), C. dubliniensis 27(11%) parapsilosis 15(6.1%), C. glabrata 15(6.1%) and C. krusei 9(3.6%). All C. albicanswere susceptible to fluconazole. Non-albicans Candida isolates were shown to have higher azoleamphotericin B, ketoconazole, itraconazolethan C. albicansisolates. Conclusion Our study clearly showed that diabetes patients are more likely to develop the Candida infection. The scores were slightly higher among the females as compared to males. Furthermore, smoking and denture were are at high risk of being infected.C. albicans was the most prominent species followed by C.tropicalis. The knowledge of prevalence species distribution, rapid species identification, antifungal susceptibility testing and the development of newer antifungal drugs are mandatory to achieve a decrease in Candida infections Top Keywords Diabetes mellitus, Oral candidiasis, Fluconazole, Xerostomia. Top |