Comparative study on fatty acids, triacylglycerides profiles and nutrition indices of goat, cow and buffalo ghee Hariyani Ashvin S.*, Hazra Tanmay, Thesiya Ankit J.1, Ahuja Kunal Kumar1 Dairy Chemistry Department, College of Dairy Science (Kamdhenu University), Amreli-365 601, Gujarat 1Dairy Technology Department, College of Dairy Science (Kamdhenu University), Amreli-365 601, Gujarat *E-mail address: ashvin.hariyani@gmail.com
Online Published on 12 February, 2024. Abstract A study was conducted on fatty acid (FA), triacylglyceride (TAG) contents and nutrition indices of goat, cow and buffalo ghee. The fatty acid content of goat ghee showed significantly (P<0.05) higher content of saturated fatty acid (SFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), C6:0, C8:0 and C10:0 (90.38±0.09, 7.06±0.09, 2.37±0.12, 2.88±0.15 and 10.02±0.33%) than cow (73.71±0.17, 3.39±0.12, 1.96±0.10, 1.52±0.11 and 3.63±0.11%) and buffalo (68.17±0.45, 5.38±0.08, 1.49±0.02, 0.84±0.01 and 1.66±0.08%) ghee. Goat ghee showed higher nutrition indices in terms of atherogenic index (8.38±0.13) and thrombogenic index (6.78±0.17) than cow (3.25±0.04 and 3.67±0.09) and buffalo ghee (2.35±0.06 and 2.99±0.07), whereas lower values for desirable fatty acids (32.62±0.45) and health-promoting index (0.1994±0.0018) compared to cow (38.73±0.47 and 0.3077±0.0044) and buffalo (47.28±0.43 and 0.4267±0.0138) ghee. Principal component analysis (PCA) of FA and TAG demonstrated a variance distribution on PC1 and PC2. TAG analysis showed bimodal distribution in all the sample of ghee. The major TAG found in all ghee samples varied from C32 to C54. Cholesterol content in all the ghee samples was below 0.5%. The study suggested that goat ghee is rich in fatty acids (SFA, PUFA, alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), C6, C8, and C10 than cow and buffalo ghee. These fatty acids can serve as potential biomarkers for distinguishing goat ghee from cow and buffalo ghee. Looking to the nutrition indices, it is beneficial to consume the buffalo and cow ghee compared to goat ghee. Top Keywords Fatty acids, Goat ghee, Nutrition indices, Triacylglyceride. Top |