Effect of Phenytoin on Gingival Tissues: Clinical Case Presentation & Management Dr. Chaturvedi Rashi, Reader, Dr. Jain Ashish, Professor Department of Periodontics, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Panjab University, Chandigarh. Address for Correspondence: Dr. Rashi Chaturvedi, Reader, Department Of Periodontics, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge nstitute of Dental Sciences & Hospital Panjab University, Chandigarh E-mail-rashichaturvedi@yahoo.co.in
Online published on 11 May, 2012. Abstract Drug-induced gingival overgrowth remains the most widespread unwanted effect of systemic medication on the periodontal tissues. The drugs most frequently implicated are; anticonvulsants, immunosuppressants and calcium channel blockers. Disfiguring gingival enlargement triggered by these medications is not only esthetically displeasing but often impairs nutrition and access to oral hygiene, resulting in an increased susceptibility to oral infection, caries, and periodontal diseases. The pathogenesis of drug-induced gingival overgrowth remains multifactorial with separate impacts on the range of cytokines and growth factors involved in extracellular matrix metabolism. High incidence of almost 50% to 100% has been seen to exhibit gingival enlargement amongst those on phenytoin therapy. Increased levels of dental plaque and calculus have been reported as a critical co-factor for the development and severity of phenytoin-induced gingival hyperplasia. Comprehensive treatment strategy involving non-surgical and surgical treatment modalities needs to be properly considered. The following presentation brings forth a few cases of phenytoin induced gingival overgrowth, highlighting their clinical aspects and therapeutic management to enable dental professionals in providing a timely intervention. Top Keywords Gingival Enlargement, Epilepsy, Phenytoin, Gingivectomy, Fibroblasts. Top |