Incidence, prevalence and mortality of HIV/AIDS across different levels of human development index: A global perspective Jha Ravi Prakash1,*, Bhattacharyya Krittika2, Mishra Rabindra Nath3, Mishra Akash4 1Research Scholar, Division of Biostatistics, Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 2Research Scholar, Department of Statistical and Computational Genomics, National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, West Bengal 3Professor, Division of Biostatistics, Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 4Research Scholar, Department of Medical Biometrics and Informatics (Biostatistics), Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Puducherry *Corresponding author: Ravi Prakash Jha, Research Scholar, Division of Biostatistics, Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh-221005, Mobile No.-08090237759
Online published on 9 January, 2019. Abstract Background HIV/AIDS has asserted its pandemic status by claiming more than 35 million lives so far. The disproportionate burden of HIV/AIDS across the globe in terms of mortality, incidence and prevalence rates intrigued researchers to examine and evaluate the degree and direction of a two-way association between the global HIV/AIDS epidemic and national development across different levels of HDI to formulate the policies. The present analysis is to concentrate directional influence of HDI on these rates. Data and Method Age-standardized HIV/AIDS mortality, prevalence, and incidence rates of 179 countries were extracted from Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. The human development index along with its 4 components were obtained from Human Development Report 2016. The association between each of the rates and HDI was judged by Spearman correlation, Linear and Quantile regression analysis, and the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results HIV/AIDS mortality, prevalence, and incidence rates were found to be inversely correlated with national HDI (r =-0.707, -0.677, -0.557 respectively; P <.001), as well as the 4 indicators of HDI. Countries in Low HDI group were found to experience higher burden of HIV/AIDS in terms of these rates than that of Medium, High, and Very high HDI countries. Conclusions Lower development status characterized by low HDI values was found to increase the burden of HIV/AIDS around the world. Higher levels of deprivation in terms of Health, Education, and Economy were not only found to affect the overall well-being but might just raise the severity of HIV/AIDS across the regions. Hence for HIV/AIDS control or eradication, development could be the key aspect; hence recommended that special attention should be paid to develop an enabling environment in the countries of lower HDI groups. Top Keywords HIV/AIDS, Mortality, Incidence, Prevalence, HDI, Quantile regression. Top |