A case of hepato-renal syndrome associated with paratuberculosis in goat Vineetha S.2, Maity Madhulina2, Singh K.P.1,2,*, Sahoo Monalisa2, Saminathan M.2, Prakash Chandan2, Sardana S.2, Sreelekshmy M.2, Singh R.2 2Division of Pathology; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly-243122, Uttar Pradesh, India 1Centre for Animal Disease Research and Diagnosis, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly-243122, Uttar Pradesh, India *Corresponding author: karam.singh@rediffmail.com
Abstract Hepato-renal syndrome is a type of functional kidney failure due to acute or chronic liver diseases. A five year old female, crossbred goat was presented for post-mortem examination. On necropsy, icteric discoloration of carcass with enlarged liver, thickened jejunal and ileal mucosa and enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes were observed. Severe lipidosis of liver, hypertrophied hepatocytes, mononuclear cell infiltration of parenchyma and portal triads, fusion of villi, and extensive infiltration by mononuclear cells (epithelioid-macrophages, plasma cells and lymphocytes) and occasional giant cells were observed around a central caseated and calcified mass surrounded by fibrous tissue proliferation in the lamina propria of intestine. Calcification of the mesenteric lymph node was confirmed by Von Kossa staining as dark brown to black deposits. Severe glomerular and tubular degeneration, necrosis and presence of bile casts were observed in kidney, which was confirmed by Hall's staining. Diffuse golden yellow hemosiderin pigment deposits were observed in the splenic parenchyma, which was confirmed by Perl's Prussian blue staining as bluish black pigments. Ziehl-Neelsen staining revealed acid-fast bacilli in the lamina propria of intestine. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) using anti-M. aviumsubspp. paratuberculosis immune serum showed positive brown signals intracellularly in the macrophages and epithelioid cells in the lamina propria of intestine. Demonstration of acid-fast organism and IHC confirmed paratuberculosisinfection and the cascade of injury consequent to the disease might have resulted in hepato-renal syndrome and death of the affected animal. Top Keywords Goat, Hepato-renal syndrome, Intestine, Jaundice, Johne's disease, Mycobacterium avium subspp. paratuberculosis. Top |
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors are thankful to the Director and Joint Director, CADRAD, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP for providing necessary facilities. |
Top Figures | Fig. 1.: (a) Jaundiced carcass showing yellow coloured subcutaneous tissue; (b) Moderately enlarged yellowish mottled liver with focal white necrotic foci on the surface; (c) Liver section showing macrovesicular fatty change. The lipid accumulates in the hepatocyte cytoplasm as vacuoles pushing the nucleus to the periphery of the cell. Sinusoids were collapsed by the hypertrophic hepatocytes. Mild to moderate focal mononuclear inflammatory cell aggregation in the parenchyma and in the portal area (inset)(H&E ×200); (d) Intestine showing loss of villous architecture, fusion of villi, infiltration of mononuclear cells in the lamina propria of intestinal villi (H&Ex200), inset:Higher magnification of villus (H&E ×400); (e) Section of intestine showing inflammatory reaction with lymphocytes, macrophages and few giant cells around a central caseated and calcified mass surrounded by fibrous tissue proliferation(H&E ×200), inset:There is moderate follicular hyperplasia of mesentric lymphnode with central area of necrosis(H&E ×100); (f) Intestine showing dark brown to black calcium deposits in the centre of the caseated mass surrounded by intense inflammatory cell reaction (Van kossa stain x200).
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| | Fig. 2.: (a) Section of intestine showing numerous bright red stained acid-fast bacilli in the lamina propria (ZN x1000); (b) Immunohistochemical staining of M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis in tissues using anti-M. paratuberculosis hyperimmune serum and anti-bovine peroxidase conjugated secondary antibody (IHC-DAB-MH x200), inset:Negative control; (c) Kidney section showing degenerated tubules containing bile stained cast (H&E ×200); (d) Yellowish-green intratubular bile casts in the distal nephrons, as confirmed by the Hall‘s stain (Hall‘s stain x200); (e) Spleen section showing diffuse golden yellow coloured pigment deposits in the splenic parenchyma (H&E ×200); (f) Bluish black hemosiderin pigments on Perl‘s prussian blue staining (Perl‘s prussian blue x200).
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