A research design is a systematic plan to study a scientific problem. The design of a research study defines the study type research question, hypothesis, independent and dependent variables, experimental design and data collection methods and a systematic data analysis plan. A design is used to structure the research, to show how the major parts of the research, the samples or groups, measures, treatments or programs, and methods of assignment to address the central research questions.

Research design has a significant impact on the reliability of the results obtained. It thus acts as a firm foundation for the entire research. It is needed because it facilitates the smooth functioning of the various research operations. It makes the research as efficient as possible by giving maximum information with minimal expenditure of effort, time and money. The researcher needs a proper research design or plan prior to data collection and analysis of the research study. Preparation of research design should be done carefully as even a small error might ruin the purpose of the entire project. The design helps the researcher to organize the ideas, which helps to identify and correct his flaws, if any. In a good research design, all the components are compatible with each other in a coherent manner. The theoretical and conceptual frameworks are well represented in the research goals and purposes. The data collection strategy needs to be fitted with the research purposes, conceptual and theoretical framework and approach to data analysis.

A good research design reduces inaccuracy, helps to get maximum efficiency and reliability and eliminates bias and marginal errors. It minimizes wastage of time and gives an idea regarding the type of resources required in terms of money, manpower, time, and efforts. It helps in collecting research materials and testing of hypothesis. It provides an overview of the entire research activities and guides the research in the right direction.

Once the researcher has identified the research scope and objectives, he or she has to establish the epistemological position, which advocates the simultaneous or a sequential use of the qualitative and quantitative methods of investigation. The proponents state that when the findings from diverse methods are collected, then the results are richer, more holistic and this, in turn, improves the sanctity of the analysis. This might in turn leads to a refining or rephrasing of the defined research questions. Many of the articles published in this journal are the outcome of good research design.

This issue of the journal Siddhant: A Journal of Decision Making presents seven research papers, focused on functional areas of management education such as Marketing, Finance and HR. The readers will find the inputs valuable and enriching. The editorial board of the journal looks forward to the valuable suggestions from the readers for improving the quality of the articles. The board sincerely acknowledges the contributions made by the learned authors and thanks the readers for their interest.

Prof. (Dr.) Sujata Mangaraj