Multivariate analysis among indigenous and exotic advanced inbred lines of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) for genetic improvement Meena H.P.*, Sujatha M., Yadav Praduman, Dudhe M.Y., Uma M.S.1, Vikas K.2, Sasikala R.3, Ghodke M.K.4, Neelima S.5, Sakhare S.B.6, Vineeta K.7, Kandhola S.S.7, Misal A.4, Nehru S.D.1, Kumar Neeraj8, Chander Subash8, Umarani E.9, Jayshree K.10, Lakshmanand S.S.11, Yashavanth B.S.12 ICAR-Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Hyderabad, 560 065, India 1University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru, 584 104, India 2University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, 641 003, India 3Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 413 512, India 4Vasat Rao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, ORS, Latur, 413 512, India 5Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, RARS, Nandyal, India 6Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, 484 104, India 7Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141 001, India 8Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agriculture University, Hisar, 125 004, India 9Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, ARS, Tornala, 502 114, India 10Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, Bhubaneswar, 743 338, India 11Ramkrishana Ashram KVK, Nimpith, 751 003, India 12ICAR-National Academy of Agricultural Research Management, Hyderabad, 500 003, India *Corresponding Author: H.P. Meena, ICAR-Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Hyderabad, India, E-Mail: hari9323@gmail.com
Online Published on 01 February, 2024. Abstract Evaluation and validation of 358 Indian-origin and exotic inbred lines of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) was done over two years to identify trait-specific inbreds with desirable agronomical features for genetic improvement. The analysis of variance exhibited significant differences among the genotypes for most of the agronomic traits studied, which favor selection. Positive correlations were recorded among the various characters in the improvement of seed yield, particularly for plant height, head diameter, and 100 seed weight. Cluster analysis grouped 163 inbreds under Cluster V, which included genotypes with medium maturity, high oil content and good yielding ability. The clustering pattern indicated the association between geographic diversity and genetic diversity. The first principal component accounted for 75% of the total variation in the population. The most important trait that contributed more to the variation in PC1 was plant height (0.989), followed by the number of leaves per plant (0.113). The second principal component accounted for 87% of the total variation and was positively associated with days to 50% flowering (0.674) and days to maturity (0.654), whereas it was negatively associated with seed yield per plant (-0312). Several trait-specific inbred lines were identified using multivariate analysis that may serve as potential breeding material/parental lines for effective utilization in the heterosis breeding programme for developing agronomically superior heterotic sunflower hybrids. Top Keywords Agronomic traits, Cluster analysis, Principal Component Analysis, Seed yield, Sunflower. Top |