Emergence of a novel canine parvovirus 2c strain in India Kiran J., Rajkhowa Tridib Kumar* Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University, Selesih, Aizawl, Mizoram-796 015, India *Address for Correspondence: Dr Tridib Kumar Rajkhowa, Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University, Selesih, Aizawl, Mizoram-796 015, India, E-mail: tridibraj09@gmail.com
Online Published on 20 June, 2023. Abstract Since its emergence, the canine parvovirus (CPV) continues to be the most common cause of hemorrhagic gastroenteritis in the dog population. A sharp rise in disease outbreaks characterized by severe haemorrhagic gastroenteritis in the dog population of North East India was investigated. A detailed post-mortem examination of five dogs that died of the disease revealed severe haemorrhagic enteritis andmyocarditis. Histopathological examination of the intestine showed denuded, shortened and fused villi; infiltration of inflammatory cells with degenerating crypt epithelium and enlarged crypt lumina filled with necrotic debris in lamina propria and varying degrees of hemorrhages in both mucosal and submucosal layers. Positive immunoreactivity to CPV antigen was observed in degenerating intestinal crypt epithelium. Diagnosis of CPV was confirmed by PCR detection of VP2 gene of CPV in representative tissue samples from all the five dogs. Phylogenetic analysis based on the full VP2 gene has characterized the circulating strain as Asian CPV 2c. Analyses of deduced amino acid sequences of the VP2 gene revealed substitution ofF267Y, Y324I, and Q370R in the VP2 gene which has further confirmed the circulating strain as Asian CPV 2c. This study gives a new insight into CPV variants circulating in the North East region (NER) of India and is reporting the emergence of Asian CPV-2c variant of CPV for the first time in India. Top Keywords Asian CPV-2c, Canine Parvovirus, Immunohistochemistry, India, Molecular surveillance, Phylogenetic analysis, P2 gene. Top |