Year : 2024, Volume : 48, Issue : 1
First page : ( 67) Last page : ( 70)
Print ISSN : 0250-4758. Online ISSN : 0973-970X. Published online : 2024  27.
Article DOI : 10.5958/0973-970X.2024.00010.5

Chronic hyperplastic ingluvitis: Synergistic effect of invasive Candida and Trichomonas in a desi chicken

Babu Prasath N.^*, Selvaraj J., Velusamy R.¹

Department of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Orathanadu-614 625, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu

¹1Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Orathanadu-614 625, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu

^*Address For Correspondence N. Babu Prasath, Assistant Professor, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Orathanadu-614 625, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India, E-mail: vetdrprasad@gmail.com

Online Published on 27 March, 2024.

Received:  4  September,  2023; Accepted:  16  September,  2023.

Abstract

A desi chicken flock (3 months old) had 2% mortality every week with a history of stunted growth. Birds were supplemented with antibiotics from the first week of hatch. Postmortem examination was carried out on a carcass. Carcass was pale and thin. Crop mucosa was covered with thin, whitish papery layer with scattered erosions. The mucosa also revealed an irregular corrugated firm growth protruding into the lumen. Cytology revealed narrow budding yeasts and numerous flagellated protozoa. Histologically, crop revealed epithelial hyperplasia with papillary projections. Hyperplastic epithelial layer showed ballooning degeneration of cells and inflammatory infiltrations. Histochemistry showed Candida albicans with PAS stain and Trichomonas gallinae with Giemsa stain. C. albicans exhibited yeast and hyphal forms which occupied superficial epithelial cells whereas septate hyphae were found penetrating perpendicular to the mucosa. Giemsa stained tissue section showed varying morphology of Trichomonas gallinae in the lamina propria. This study reporting the chronic and combined infection of dimorphic fungi - Candida albicans and protozoal flagellate Trichomonas gallinae in a desi chicken due to continuous usage of antibiotics.

Top

Keywords

Candidiasis, Chicken ingluvitis, Invasive mycosis, Trichomoniasis.

Top

Acknowledgement

Top

Figures

Fig. 1:: Thin and emaciated carcass - Desi chicken TopBack

Fig. 2.: Whitish pseudomembranous layer (yellow arrow), irregular erosions (blue arrow), an irregular, firm corrugated growth (red arrow) on the crop mucosa TopBack

Fig. 3.: Budding yeast form of Candida albicans - Crop cytology - Lactophenol cotton blue stain x1000 TopBack

Fig. 4.: Trichomonas gallinae - Crop cytology - Lactophenol cotton blue stain x1000. TopBack

Fig. 5:: Mucosal hyperplasia resembling "papillary projections" - Chronic ingluvitis - desi chicken (H&E x20) TopBack

Fig. 6.: Mucosal hyperplasia with severe inflammatory cell infiltration - crop - desi chicken (H&E x100) TopBack

Fig. 7.: Mucosal hyperplasia with ballooning of squamous epithelial cells and bacterial clumps - crop - desi chicken (H&E x400) TopBack

Fig. 8.: Trophozoites of Trichomonas gallinae within the hyperplastic epithelium - crop - desi chicken (Giemsa stain x400). TopBack

Fig. 9:: Budding yeast bodies and penetrating hyphae of Candida albicans - crop mycosis - desi chicken - PAS with light green counter stain x400 TopBack

Fig. 10.: Septate hyphae penetrating deep into the mucosa - Candida albicans - crop mycosis - desi chicken - PAS with light green counter stain x400. TopBack