Biological activities of steroids and extracts from xestospongia sp. growing in southeast Sulawesi (Indonesia) Sadarun Baru1, Wahyuni2, Malaka Muhammad Hajrul2, Fristiohady Adryan2, Yodha Agung Wibawa Mahatma2, Rahmatika Nur Syifa3, Islami Zulfikri Saleh3, Nurjayadin Muhammad3, Sabandar Carla Wulandari4, Darmawan Ahmad5, Sundowo Andini5, Rosandi Andi Rifky6, Sahidin I.2,* 1Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari93232, Indonesia 2Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari93232, Indonesia 3Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari93232, Indonesia 4Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Sembilanbelas November Kolaka, Kolaka, Indonesia 5Research Centre for Chemistry, National Research and Inovation Agency (BRIN), Kawasan Puspitek, Tangerang Selatan, Banten, Indonesia 6School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Universiti Kebangsaaan, Malaysia, 46000Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia *Corresponding Author E-mail: sahidin02@uho.ac.id
Online Published on 08 June, 2022. Abstract Xestospongia sp. is one of marine sponge that can be found in Southeast Sulawesi. It belongs to Demospongiae classes which have shown many pharmacological activities such as antioxidant. Thus, this study aimed to identify isolates from Xestospongia sp. and its activity as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. Isolation were carried out by chromatography technique including Thin Layer Chromatrography (TLC), vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) and radial chromatography (RC) with silica gel as an adsorbent. Structure of isolated compounds were determined by spectroscopy methods i.e. FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR and also by comparison with those reported values. Biological activity of Xestospongia sp was also evaluated using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radicals and Human Red Blood Cell (HRBC) methods. Four compounds isolated and identified from methanol extract of Xestospongia sp. were steroids that are (1) purchrasterol, (2) xestosterol, (3) saringosterol, and (4) 5a,8a-epidioxy-24a-ethylcholest-6-en-3p-ol. The extract and the compounds showed antioxidant activity against DPPH radicals in which the extract was stronger than the isolated compounds. Furthermore, the Xestospongia sp. extract exhibited a dose-dependant anti-inflammatory activity by stabilizing red blood cell membranes at concentrations ranging from 50 to 3200 ppm. In conclusion, Xestospongia sp. extract which contain sterol compounds, such as purchrasterol, xestosterol, saringosterol and 5a,8a-epidioxy-24a-ethylcholest-6-en-3p-ol provides antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Top Keywords Xestospongia sp, Ethanol extract, Steroids, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory. Top |